How it is calculated
The Hadlock (1985) four-parameter formula, in centimetres:
log10(EFW) = 1.3596 − 0.00386·AC·FL + 0.0064·HC + 0.00061·BPD·AC + 0.0424·AC + 0.174·FLWithout BPD, the three-parameter version is used:
log10(EFW) = 1.326 − 0.00326·AC·FL + 0.0107·HC + 0.0438·AC + 0.158·FLThe result is in grams, with a typical error of ±10–15%.
Worked example
Around 32 weeks: BPD 8.2, HC 29.5, AC 28, FL 6.2 cm: estimated weight ≈ 1,925 g.
Frequently asked questions
How accurate is ultrasound weight?
Typically within 10–15% either way, less accurate for very large or very small babies.
What do the abbreviations mean?
BPD head diameter, HC head circumference, AC abdominal circumference, FL femur length.
Is the weight normal for the gestational age?
Your doctor compares it with growth charts (percentiles); that needs a medical assessment.